果不其然,最终苦果还是由普通民众买单。上周,欧洲多国上百万民众走上街头抗议能源价格飙涨,在英国,人们连“国民菜肴”炸鱼薯条也要吃不起了......
有一则笑话,说天堂就是:英国警察、德国技师和法国厨师;地狱则是:德国警察、法国技师和英国厨师。
似乎英国食物糟糕,已成为世界人民的共识之一,而作为“英国国菜”的炸鱼薯条有着非常重要的江湖地位。
然而,据外媒报道,多个炸鱼薯条店主在接受采访时抱怨,所有东西都在涨价。
此前大部分鱼类来自俄罗斯,如今供应大幅减少,店里想要转而寻求北欧的鱼,可是能源价格上涨导致渔民们在渔船装满后才返回港口,鱼类供应再次受到冲击;
用来炸鱼的葵花籽油主要来自俄罗斯和乌克兰,如今价格也飙升……
“It’s a crisis on top of a crisis,” says Andrew Crook, president of the National Federation of Fish Friers, who runs Skippers of Euxton in Chorley, Lancashire, and says the price he pays for fish is going up 10 per cent a week.
“这是一场危机之上的危机,”英国炸鱼联合会主席安德鲁·克鲁克表示。他在兰开夏郡的乔利区经营着一家名为Euxton Skippers的店面,他说他买鱼的价格每周都在上涨10%。
Crook fears a third of Britain’s fish and chip shops could go under in what he says is the biggest threat to the industry in its 160-year history.
克鲁克担心英国三分之一的炸鱼薯条店可能会倒闭,他说这是该行业160年历史间遭遇的最大的危机。
An owner in Scotland who has closed one of his three stores, grimly joked to Crook: “I feel like putting my head in the oven, but I can’t afford the gas.”
苏格兰的一位店主关闭了他三家店中的一家,他对克鲁克开玩笑说:“我真想把我的头放进烤箱里,但我付不起煤气费。”
“Fish and chips is my passion. I’ve done it since the age of 14 – my father had a shop which I was brought up in. To see so many facing closure is devastating.”
“炸鱼薯条是我的最爱。我是在父亲开的炸鱼薯条店里长大的,从14岁开始就会做这道菜。看到这么多店面临倒闭是毁灭性的。”
就像它的名字一样,炸鱼薯条是由炸鱼和薯条构成。而这种用面粉裹上鱼肉再用油炸的做法,在欧洲最早可以追溯到十九世纪初,而后被一群犹太移民带到英国。
而薯条则是由法国的新教徒带入英国的,17世纪宗教改革期间,法国胡格诺派教徒为了逃离迫害来到了英国,他们中的许多人定居在了伦敦东区。
It is difficult to pinpoint the precise arrival of fried potatoes in England, but by 1860 we see the very first fish and chips shops.
很难准确地指出炸土豆是何时进入英国的,但到了1860年,我们看到了第一家炸鱼薯条店。
Many food historians say that a Jewish cook, a young Ashkenezi immigrant named Joseph Malin, opened the first chippyin 1860 in London. The shop was so successful that it remained in business until the 1970s.
许多食品历史学家说,1860年,一个名叫约瑟夫·马林的阿什肯纳兹犹太人厨师,在伦敦开了第一家炸鱼薯条店。这家商店非常成功,一直营业到20世纪70年代。
At the dish’s peak of popularity in the late 1920s, there were 35,000 fish and chips shops in the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland).
20世纪20年代末,炸鱼薯条最流行的时候,英国(英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰)共有35000家炸鱼薯条店。
Today, there are still 10,500 “chippies” in the U.K. serving 360 million meals of fish and chips every year. That’s the equivalent of six servings of fish and chips to every British man, woman, and child.
如今,英国每年仍有10500家炸鱼薯条店,供应3.6亿份炸鱼薯条餐。这相当于英国每个男人、女人和孩子吃六份炸鱼薯条。
According to pollsters YouGov, the dish is the nation’s most popular, disliked by only 6 per cent.
根据民调机构YouGov的调查,这道菜是英国最受欢迎的,只有6%的人不喜欢。
英国人吃炸鱼薯条也很有讲究。
鱼一般会用新鲜打捞的cod(鳕鱼)或者haddock(黑线鳕鱼),不过也有些店会别出心裁用龙虾和三文鱼代替。
配的酱也非常重要,经典吃法是鱼肉配上塔塔酱(tartare sauce)再挤上柠檬汁。至于薯条,傲娇的英国人民是不会搭配番茄酱的,他们会洒上淡醋和盐。
1988年,英国还设立了“国家炸鱼薯条奖(The National Fish & Chip Awards)”。
每年从全国范围内报名参赛的炸鱼薯条店里经历匿名评委海选、全国二十强、全国十强,以及最终全国直播的前三名总决赛,堪称英国炸鱼薯条界的“小金人”。
连英国女王点外卖的时候,都特别偏爱炸鱼薯条。
She’s got private chefs in all of her residences, access to the world’s finest restaurants and a never-ending budget for haute cuisine, but that doesn’t mean that the Queen doesn’t enjoy tucking into a takeawayevery now and then. But what does Her Majesty choose when she’s rifling through the local restaurant menus? The nation’s favourite dish: fish and chips, of course.
她所有的住所都有私人厨师,可以去世界上最好的餐厅就餐,而且有源源不断的预算购买高级菜肴,但这并不意味着女王不喜欢时不时地吃点外卖。但是,当女王在当地餐馆的菜单上浏览时,她会选择什么呢?这个国家最受欢迎的菜肴当然是炸鱼薯条了。
说完了炸鱼薯条,再来说说英国其他的一些美食(“黑暗料理”)。我突然有些明白了,为啥炸鱼薯条会成为“国菜”(开个玩笑)。前!方!高!能!
Stargazy Pie
仰望星空派
黑暗料理界的头牌,“仰望星空派”的美名早已传遍全球各地。据说它还有另外一个名字,叫做“死不瞑目”。
Stargazy pie is a classic Cornish dish of pilchards with eggs and potatoes covered in a pastry crust. It’s believed to be first created in honor of a fisherman who sailed through violent storm and sea waves to fish to save the village from starvation.
仰望星空派是一道经典的康沃尔菜,里面有鸡蛋和土豆,还有一层酥皮。人们认为,它最初是为了纪念一位渔民,他航行在狂风暴雨和海浪中捕鱼,拯救村庄免于饥饿。
Jellied eels
鳗鱼冻
Jellied eels are a traditional cockney food that complete the menus of UK’s pie and mash shops.To make jellied eels, eels are cooked and set in the natural aspic jelly made from eel bones.
鳗鱼冻是一种传统的伦敦食物,你可以在英国的一些馅饼和土豆泥商店的菜单上找到它。制作鳗鱼冻,需要将鳗鱼煮熟并放入鳗鱼骨制成的天然冻中。
Black Pudding
黑布丁
Black pudding is a type of a blood sausage made from pig’s blood, oatmeal, pig’s fat, and salt. The ingredients, however, can vary from region to region.
黑布丁实际上是一种血肠,由猪血、燕麦片、猪油和盐制成。不同地区选用的食材有可能不同。
Haggis
肉馅羊肚
Haggis is one of Scotland’s well-known dishes and not a furry animal as some people believe it to be. It is a type of sausage made up of a combination of meat, oatmeal, onions, salt, and spices.
肉馅羊肚是苏格兰著名的菜肴之一,不是一些人认为的那种毛茸茸的动物。它是一种由肉、燕麦片、洋葱、盐和香料混合而成的香肠。
Laverbread
莱佛面包
Laverbread is made from seaweed that is washed and cooked to a soft, greenish-black paste. It sounds simple but never underestimate it.
莱佛面包是由海藻洗净并烹饪成的黑绿色面包,这听起来很简单,但千万不要低估它。
当然,英国也是有一些拿得出手的美食的,如果你去英国一定要尝试一下!
Full English Breakfast
英式早餐
Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper.这是英国人常说的一句话,可见他们对早餐仪式感的要求。
Sunday Roast
星期日烤肉
据说起源于工业革命时代的约克。只在周日有供应。最开始是礼拜天,大家去教堂之前,把肉放到烤箱里慢慢烤着。等从教堂回来,就能吃了。
English Afternoon Tea
英式下午茶
传统的下午茶一般会于下午四点至六点间供应。确切来说,这是一顿简餐,并非仅仅喝茶而已。餐点包括精致的三明治、新鲜出炉的英式烤饼配上奶油和果酱,还有蛋糕和其他甜点。当然少不了搭配奶和糖的咖啡或茶。
看了这么多“英国美食”,你最爱哪一样?快来留言区说说吧~
今日词汇
chippy n.炸鱼薯条店(非正式)
takeaway n.外卖食品
eel n.鳗鱼
budding n.布丁
oatmeal n.燕麦片